Sugar ups risk for heart disease, cancer, kidney disease, metabolic disorders/obesity, diabetes, hypertension 糖增加心髒病，癌症，腎臟疾病，代謝異常/肥胖症，糖尿病，高血壓的風險

Richard J Johnson, Mark S Segal, Yuri Sautin, Takahiko Nakagawa, Daniel I Feig, Duk-Hee Kang, Michael S Gersch, Steven Benner, Laura G Sánchez-Lozada, Potential role of sugar (fructose) in the epidemic of hypertension, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Volume 86, Issue 4, October 2007, Pages 899–906, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/86.4.899

Editor’s note: It is not just fructose that can increase risk for those chronic health conditions. Other reducing sugars can do the same damage. Even macro carbohydrates like starch if too much without a balanced diet can be a risk. The point is that these sugars are chemically reactive and they can cause damage to all sorts of molecules.

Of course, other dietary factors such as cooked oil, protein can promote certain reactions which in turn inflict similar damage. You may not be able to completely avoid these risks just like you could not avoid death. However, you can use a balanced diet which can minimize your risk for chronic disease and premature death.

編者註：不僅果糖會增加患慢性病的風險。 其他還原糖也可能造成相同的損害。 甚至過多的碳水化合物，如澱粉，如果沒有均衡的飲食也會有風險。 關鍵是這些糖具有化學反應性，它們可能會損壞各種分子。 當然，其他飲食因素，例如煮熟的油，蛋白質也可以促進某些反應，進而造成類似的損害。 您可能無法完全避免這些風險，就像您無法避免死亡一樣。 但是，您可以使用均衡飲食，這樣可以最大程度地降低罹患慢性病和過早死亡的風險。