研究发现从事室内运动的运动员存在维生素D缺乏症的风险 Study finds athletes who play indoor sports at risk of vitamin D deficiency

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News Release 9-Mar-2020

Editor’s comment: How about other people who work indoors all the time?

George Mason University and Mayo Clinic Health System study assesses vitamin D status and supplementation of college athletes

George Mason University

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IMAGE: George Mason University and Mayo Clinic Health System study assesses vitamin D status and supplementation of college athletes view more  Credit: George Mason University

FAIRFAX, VA – College athletes participating in indoor sports, especially African-Americans, might be vitamin D deficient and put themselves at risk of injury or poor performance according to a study recently published in the journal Nutrients.

George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia and the Mayo Clinic Health System Sports Medicine Research in Onalaska, Wisconsin conducted this collaborative study. They assessed vitamin D status among basketball players from the George Mason Patriots men’s and women’s teams. During the 2018-2019 season, players were either allocated a high dose, low dose or no vitamin D, depending on their circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at the start of the study with the objective to identify the dosage of vitamin D3 supplementation required for optimal status.

According to MayoClinic.org, vitamin D is necessary for building and maintaining healthy bones. Without it, bones can become soft, thin and brittle and can lead to other medical issues down the road including osteoporosis as well as some types of cancer.

“Many athletes are now engaging in supplementation and we don’t currently know what the optimal or safe amount of supplementation may be,” says Dr. Sina Gallo, assistant professor in Mason’s Department of Nutrition and Food Studies. “Prior studies that have addressed this topic typically report data from non-athletic, older populations. Because athletes may not get the necessary vitamin D through natural dietary sources, supplementation offers a safe, affordable, efficacious method to combat deficiencies. This may be particularly beneficial for athletes living at higher latitudes during the winter months.”

During the season, players were monitored regularly. Compliance to supplementation was assessed by the athletic trainers designated to each team. Each player’s body composition, skin pigmentation, sun exposure, dietary intake, and blood were collected during the study.

“Overall, our findings showed that 13 of the 20 (65%) participants were vitamin D insufficient at baseline,” says Dr. Margaret Jones, professor in Mason’s School of Kinesiology and sport scientist for the Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance. “This result is consistent with a recent systematic review and meta-analysis wherein 56% of a total sample of 2,000 athletes residing in nine different countries including the United States had inadequate levels of vitamin D.”

Of those sampled in the study, athletes with darker skin pigmentation exhibited heightened risk of vitamin D insufficiency at baseline, and none of the participants with fair or very fair skin fell into the insufficient category at baseline.

Nicole Sekel led the study for her master of science in nutrition thesis at George Mason University, mentored by Gallo and Jones. Sekel is interested in bone health as well as the optimization of athletic performance through nutritional intervention. She is currently pursuing a PhD in Rehabilitation Science at the University of Pittsburgh.

“Albeit a pilot study with a small sample size to derive from, the current results provide further evidence of the high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency among a sample of highly-trained, NCAA-DI basketball athletes,” says Dr. Andrew Jagim, Sport Medicine Research, Mayo Clinic Health System. “We, as authors, agree that a larger sample is warranted to aid in the development of screening protocols which will enable medical and sports nutrition staff around the country to identify key risk factors of athletes becoming vitamin D deficient.”

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This research was funded by NOW Foods, George Mason University, and the Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance.Media contacts:

* Danielle Hawkins, George Mason University College of Health and Human Services and Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Fairfax, Virginia 703-993-1931, [email protected]

* Maureen Lewis Nasser, Associate Athletic Director and Communications, George Mason University, 703-993-3263, [email protected]

* Mayo Clinic Health System: Rick Thiesse, Public Affairs, La Crosse 608-386-6865, [email protected]

About George Mason University

George Mason University is Virginia’s largest and most diverse public research university. Located near Washington, D.C., Mason enrolls 38,000 students from 130 countries and all 50 states. Mason has grown rapidly over the past half-century and is recognized for its innovation and entrepreneurship, remarkable diversity and commitment to accessibility. For more information, visit https://www2.gmu.edu/.

About Mayo Clinic Health System

Mayo Clinic Health System consists of clinics, hospitals and other facilities that serve the health care needs of people in Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The community-based providers, paired with the resources and expertise of Mayo Clinic, enable patients in the region to receive highest-quality physical and virtual health care close to home.

弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯市-根据最近在《营养杂志》上发表的一项研究,参加室内运动的大学运动员,尤其是非裔美国人,可能缺乏维生素D,并有受伤或表现不佳的风险。

弗吉尼亚费尔法克斯的乔治·梅森大学和威斯康星州奥纳拉斯加的梅奥诊所健康系统运动医学研究中心进行了这项合作研究。他们评估了乔治·梅森·爱国者男女球队的篮球运动员中维生素D的状况。在2018-2019赛季期间,根据研究开始时其循环中的25-羟基维生素D水平,为运动员分配高剂量,低剂量或不分配维生素D,目的是确定维生素D3补充所需的剂量最佳状态。

根据MayoClinic.org的资料,维生素D是构建和维护健康骨骼所必需的。没有它,骨头会变软,变薄,变脆,并可能导致其他医疗问题,包括骨质疏松症和某些类型的癌症。

梅森(Mason)营养与食品研究系助理教授Sina Gallo博士说:“许多运动员现在都在进行补充,而我们目前尚不清楚最佳或安全的补充量是多少。” “解决这个问题的先前研究通常报告来自非运动,老年人群的数据。由于运动员可能无法通过天然饮食来源获得必需的维生素D,因此补充食品可提供一种安全,负担得起的有效方法来对抗缺乏症。这对于冬季在较高纬度地区生活的运动员尤其有利。”

在赛季中,定期对球员进行监控。通过指定给每个团队的运动教练来评估补充的依从性。在研究过程中收集了每个球员的身体成分,皮肤色素沉着,日晒,饮食摄入和血液。

“总体而言,我们的研究结果表明,在20名参与者中,有13名(65%)在基线时维生素D不足,”梅森运动学院教授兼弗兰克·佩特罗恩体育表现中心的运动科学家玛格丽特·琼斯博士说。 “这一结果与最近的系统综述和荟萃分析相吻合,其中居住在包括美国在内的九个不同国家的2,000名运动员的总样本中,有56%的维生素D水平不足。”

在研究的样本中,皮肤色素沉着较深的运动员在基线时表现出较高的维生素D缺乏风险,并且没有任何皮肤白皙或非常白皙的参与者在基线时属于不足类别。

由加洛(Gallo)和琼斯(Jones)指导,妮可·塞克尔(Nicole Sekel)在乔治·梅森大学(George Mason University)攻读营养学理学硕士学位,领导该研究。 Sekel对骨骼健康以及通过营养干预优化运动表现感兴趣。她目前正在匹兹堡大学攻读康复科学博士学位。

“尽管可以从很小的样本量中进行初步研究,但目前的结果进一步证明了在训练有素的NCAA-DI篮球运动员样本中维生素D缺乏症的患病率很高,” Sport的Andrew Jagim博士说。医学研究,梅奥诊所卫生系统。 “作为作者,我们同意有更大的样本量可以帮助制定筛查方案,这将使全国各地的医疗和运动营养人员能够确定运动员维生素D缺乏的关键危险因素。”

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